When Robert Clive, a "harum-scarum schoolboy" not yet out of his teens, arrived in India in 1744, he found himself in the middle of chaos: English merchants fought against French traders, Indian princes warred among themselves, Portuguese and Dutch privateers plied the coasts, and throughout the country, anarchy reigned. Clive flourished amid the confusion. He quickly distinguished himself both in battle, showing bravery and unusual presence of mind, and in trade. The combination was profitable for his employer, the East India Company, and although Clive committed suicide in the wake of political scandal in 1774, he set in motion what would become the British conquest of India and the establishment of the Raj, a mixed form of government in which the English ruled through a network of Indian politicians and civil servants. Outwardly stable, the Raj was constantly under threat both by Indian aspirations to self-rule and by other imperialists' intrigues, notably on the part of Russia, Britain's chief competitor in what would come to be called "the great game."

Historically India has always has been a land of Diversity , divesity in its geography and physical topography , diversity of culture and human character ,diversity of ecomony and livelihood..the list is endless as the vast and seemingly infinite as the human resource of the nation itself. Though the Indian civilization has been a tale of diversity and a sequel of bloody battles there is still but a discern , a certail underlying unity which is often missed out by a superficial observer . It is the undefined underlying Unity which has made her to emerge as One Nation even after a few hundred years of separation.This unity has been an unity of hearts ,unity of minds and unity of consciousness which comes to the makinhg of the Greatest Democracy on land.

Through time immemorial Indianism has been torn apart by forces of seperatism , invaders and opportunist traders, but the Indian national character has been an unrelenting , undefying entity which has never been taken away from millions and billions of teeming Indian hearts cutting across centuries ..frm Himalayas to the Nilgiries, from the arid lanscapes of Thar to the wet plateaus of Cherrapunji .

This underlying unity of Indian nationality has prevented and protected the nation's identity and buffered the social and potitical vicissitudes from taking India off her moorings.